Journal of Asian Multicultural Research for Economy and Management Study

The Influence of Product and Price on Customer Satisfaction at Warung Zee, Pontianak City

Juwita Aulia, Sumiyati Sumiyati — Fri, 31 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to analyze the influence of product and price on customer satisfaction at Warung Zee in Pontianak City. In this study, an associative approach was used with primary data collection techniques in the form of interviews and questionnaires, as well as secondary data covering product and sales information. The sample used was 100 respondents, with a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis was carried out using validity tests, reliability tests, multiple linear regression, and classical assumption tests such as normality, multicollinearity, and linearity. The results of multiple linear regression indicate that product and price have a significant positive effect on customer satisfaction, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 72.8%. The F test results indicate that product and price simultaneously have a significant effect on customer satisfaction (p < 0.05). The t test shows that both product and price also have a partial significant effect on customer satisfaction. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that product and price have an important role in increasing customer satisfaction at Warung Zee, which shows the importance of the right pricing strategy and product quality to retain customers and increase their satisfaction.

Economic Transformation, Structural Change, and Inclusive Growth in The Philippines: A Literature Review

Rylee Wesley Henson — Fri, 31 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This literature-based study examines the intricate relationship between economic transformation, structural change, and inclusive growth in the Philippines. Over the past several decades, the Philippine economy has undergone notable shifts from agriculture toward services, driven by globalization, digitalization, and labor migration. However, this transformation has not been accompanied by a proportionate rise in employment, productivity, or equitable income distribution. The literature reveals that while sectors such as business process outsourcing and finance have contributed to macroeconomic growth, traditional sectors like manufacturing and agriculture have lagged, limiting the inclusivity of development. Regional disparities remain stark, with economic activity concentrated in urban centers while rural areas experience stagnation. Human capital mismatches, weak industrial policy, and governance inefficiencies further constrain the country’s capacity to sustain broad-based growth. The study highlights that the Philippine case exemplifies “growth without structural transformation,” where the benefits of modernization are unevenly distributed across social classes, genders, and regions. Addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive policy approach that integrates industrial revitalization, education reform, institutional strengthening, and environmental sustainability. Inclusive growth can only be realized when economic transformation not only enhances efficiency and competitiveness but also expands opportunities for all segments of society. The findings underscore the need for coherent, long-term strategies that link structural reform with social equity to achieve a resilient and inclusive Philippine economy.

The Effect of Debt Policy, Dividend Policy, and Investment Decisions on Firm Value with Profitability as an Intervening Variable on the JII70 Index for the 2022-2024 Period

Rizki Nur Faizi, Edy Suryadi — Fri, 21 Nov 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Firm value is an important indicator for assessing a company's success and prospects in the market. For companies registered with the JII70 (Indonesian Islamic Association of Indonesia) (JII70), firm value has a strategic dimension because, in addition to being required to demonstrate good financial performance, companies must also comply with sharia principles. Financial policies such as debt policy, dividend policy, and investment decisions are factors that can influence firm value, while profitability acts as an intervening variable that strengthens this relationship. This study uses a quantitative method with an associative research type to analyze the relationship between variables. Data were obtained through documentary studies using the financial statements of JII70 companies for the 2022–2024 period. The sampling technique used a non-probability method with purposive sampling. Analysis was carried out using correlation coefficient tests, coefficient of determination, simultaneous tests (F), and partial tests (t). The results of the correlation test indicate that debt policy, dividend policy, and investment decisions have a strong relationship with profitability (R = 0.038) and firm value through profitability (R = 0.679). The coefficient of determination shows that the three independent variables influence profitability by 5.1% and influence firm value through profitability by 46.2%. Simultaneous testing showed that the three policies had no significant effect on profitability, but did significantly influence firm value, with profitability as an intervening variable. Partially, all three variables significantly influenced both profitability and firm value. Debt policy, dividend policy, and investment decisions were shown to contribute significantly to firm value when mediated by profitability. Therefore, management needs to consider effective financial policy integration to enhance Sharia-compliant firm value.

Digitization of Village Information and Its Impact on Community Participation in Village Funds in Gowa Regency

Andi Sessu — Thu, 18 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study investigates how the digitization of village information systems influences community participation in the management of village funds in Gowa Regency, Indonesia. Positioned within the broader discourse on digital governance and participatory management, the research employs a quantitative explanatory design to examine the extent to which digital transparency, accessibility of information, and digital communication channels affect citizen involvement in planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of village fund programs. Using survey data collected from community members across selected villages, the study analyzes both descriptive and inferential statistical patterns to determine the strength and significance of these relationships. The empirical findings demonstrate that digitization substantially enhances participatory engagement by reducing informational asymmetry, improving the visibility of budget processes, and creating more inclusive pathways for community feedback. The results further indicate that digital platforms foster a more accountable governance environment, enabling villagers to more confidently exercise their agency in overseeing public resources. These outcomes underscore the centrality of digital infrastructure as a managerial instrument capable of reshaping organizational behavior, redistributing decision-making power, and strengthening local democratic accountability. The study concludes that digital transformation at the village level should be approached not merely as a technological upgrade but as a strategic governance reform that directly impacts the effectiveness, transparency, and legitimacy of village fund management. The implications highlight the need for continued investments in digital literacy, system reliability, and institutional reinforcement to sustain meaningful participation and ensure that rural digitalization translates into equitable and responsive development outcomes.

Pastoral Leadership as a Catalyst in Strengthening the Organizational Culture–Performance Link: The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment in West Kalimantan Credit Unions

Andreas Alsandriata, Djoko Setyadi, Muhammad lrfani Hendri — Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study investigates the influence of organizational culture on employee performance in the cooperative financial sector, incorporating organizational commitment as a mediator and pastoral leadership as a moderator. The research was conducted among 317 employees from selected Credit Unions in West Kalimantan, Indonesia, using a quantitative survey approach. Data were analyzed with WarpPLS 7.0, following a two-step evaluation of the measurement and structural models. The findings reveal that organizational culture exerts a strong positive effect on organizational commitment (β = 0.655, p < 0.001) and a moderate positive effect on employee performance (β = 0.296, p < 0.001). Organizational commitment significantly enhances employee performance (β = 0.468, p < 0.001) and partially mediates the relationship between culture and performance (indirect effect β = 0.306, p < 0.001). Furthermore, pastoral leadership strengthens the culture–performance link through a positive and significant moderating effect (β = 0.136, p = 0.007). The model demonstrates satisfactory explanatory power (R² = 0.429 for commitment; R² = 0.473 for performance) and predictive relevance (Q² = 0.431 and Q² = 0.566, respectively), with a large overall goodness-of-fit (GoF = 0.557). These results emphasize the strategic importance of aligning organizational culture with pastoral leadership principles to foster employee commitment and drive sustainable performance in cooperative institutions. The study offers theoretical contributions to the literature on organizational behavior in values-based organizations and practical implications for leaders seeking to strengthen cultural cohesion, moral stewardship, and operational effectiveness.

Risk Management in the Development and Operation of TPS 3R in Panjer Urban Village, Denpasar

I Gede Arya, Kadek Diana Harmayani, Ida Bagus Putu Adnyana — Sat, 27 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0700

The rapid urbanization in Denpasar City has intensified the challenges of municipal solid waste management, especially after the closure of the Suwung Final Disposal Site due to overcapacity. In response, the local government initiated the development of 3R-based Waste Processing Facilities (TPS 3R) at the community level, including the facility in Panjer Urban Village. However, the implementation of this community-based infrastructure project faces significant risks, ranging from technical and operational issues to social resistance.This study aims to analyze the risk management process in the development and operation of the TPS 3R Panjer, focusing on risk identification, assessment, classification, mitigation planning, and risk ownership allocation. The research employed a semi-quantitative descriptive method with a case study approach, supported by primary data from questionnaires and expert interviews. A total of 58 validated risks were assessed using a risk matrix adapted from Godfrey, combining frequency and consequence scores based on Likert scales.The results show that 67% of the identified risks fall into the "Unacceptable" and "Undesirable" categories. These risks are primarily related to community rejection, lack of technical capacity, and poor coordination. Risk mitigation strategies were formulated, and responsibilities were assigned among key stakeholders including the Public Works Department, Urban Village Office, Traditional Village leaders, Field Facilitator Team (FFT), and Community-Based Organization (CBO). The findings emphasize the importance of participatory planning, technical readiness, and structured risk control to minimize delays and cost overruns in TPS 3R implementation.

Sustainable Economy and Green Development Challenges in ASEAN

Ha Dai Sinh — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study examined the challenges of developing a sustainable economy and promoting green development in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) through a comprehensive literature review. ASEAN has experienced rapid economic growth over recent decades; however, this growth has been accompanied by increasing environmental degradation, climate vulnerability, and social inequality. These conditions have intensified the need for development pathways that balance economic progress with environmental protection and social inclusion. By synthesizing academic studies, policy documents, and reports from international and regional institutions, this study identified the key factors shaping sustainable economy outcomes in the ASEAN region. The findings revealed that environmental pressures, including climate change impacts, pollution, and resource depletion, pose significant risks to long-term economic stability. Economic and financial constraints, such as high costs of green technologies, limited access to green finance, and dependence on carbon-intensive industries, further hinder green development efforts. Institutional and governance challenges, including fragmented policymaking, weak regulatory enforcement, and uneven implementation of regional initiatives, were also found to limit progress. In addition, social dimensions particularly employment transitions, inequality, and limited public participation play a critical role in determining the inclusiveness and effectiveness of green development strategies. While ASEAN regional cooperation frameworks demonstrate strong collective commitment to sustainability, their impact remains constrained by varying national capacities and the principle of non-interference. Overall, this study highlights the need for integrated policy approaches, strengthened institutional capacity, inclusive social strategies, and enhanced regional cooperation to advance a sustainable economy and green development in ASEAN.

How Servant Leadership and Organizational Justice Translate into Performance: Evidence from a Value-Fit Perspective

Andrean Young Lo, Lianto, Deasy Rinayanti Pelealu — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Employee performance remains a critical determinant of organizational sustainability, particularly in labor-intensive industries operating in emerging economies. This study investigates the effects of servant leadership and organizational justice on employee performance, with person–organization fit (P–O fit) serving as a mediating mechanism. Using survey data collected from employees of a distribution company in Indonesia, this research applies Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with WarpPLS 8.0. The results reveal that servant leadership has a strong and significant direct effect on employee performance, while organizational justice primarily influences performance indirectly through P–O fit. The mediation analysis confirms that value congruence between employees and the organization plays a pivotal role in translating leadership behavior and fairness perceptions into performance outcomes. This study contributes to leadership and organizational behavior literature by integrating leadership, justice, and fit perspectives within an emerging-economy context. Practical implications for leadership development and fairness-based human resource practices are discussed.